Over 100 GW of committed AI data center capacity implies $6-8T capex requiring $1-2T/year incremental revenue for payback, which Krishna believes is not achievable, suggesting many infrastr…

Frontier models will have low switching costs and commoditized margins without massive moats; only 2-3 companies can sustain the capital expense to build the largest models, while others wi…

IBM targets enterprise workflows (procurement, accounts payable, data leverage) for specific clients like Nestle and Bank of America, avoiding consumer distribution battles; enterprise AI a…

Digital goods cross borders instantly making global technology regulation impractical; only specific use cases can be effectively regulated, as demonstrated by inconsistent internet control…

AI agents will replace the front-end of many software applications, reducing total value for seat-based software where the front-end was the primary value driver; systems of record and busi…

Mainframes thrive on mission-critical workloads (banking, airlines) requiring 6-9 nines availability and batch processing; cloud migration costs 3x more; IBM integrated AI (fraud detection,…